Abstract: Objective To explore the correlation of body fat and blood lipid in middle-aged and elderly women in Urumqi, and provide evidences for early prevention of abnormal body fat and dyslipidemia. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed from November 2016 to April 2017 in women who retired from enterprises and public institutions in Urumqi City with age of 50 years or above. A total of 570 middle-aged and elderly women met with the inclusion criteria, and the correlation of their body fat and blood lipid was analyzed. Results With the increase of BMI level, TG and LDL-C showed an increasing trend, while HDL-C showed a decreasing trend, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C were significantly different between different BMI categories (P< 0.05, respectively), and TG, LDL-C in BMI I> 28 kg/m² category were highest, while TC and HDL-C were lowest. Dyslipidemia prevalences ranked as LDL-C (52.28%), TG (25.79%), TC (13.33%), and HDL-C (1.75%). BMI, FMI, and FFMI in normal blood lipid group were significantly higher than those in abnormal group (P< 0.05, respectively). BMI, FMI, FFMI were weakly positive correlated with TG and negatively correlated with HDL-C. Conclusion There is a weak correlation between body fat and lipids in middle-aged and elderly women in Urumqi.