Abstract: Recently, immunotherapy has ushered in an exciting era of anticancer therapy. The immune checkpoint blockades have made many encouraging advances in particular. To predict the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockades therapy for improving the clinical outcomes of cancer patients seems extraordinarily important. In this review, we describe the biomarkers which have been applied to clinical practice or have great potential for application, such as tumor tissue PD-L1 expression, microsatellite instability, mutation load and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes.