Abstract: Objective To explore the diagnostic value of serum miR-132 and miR-183 in patients with gastric cancer. Methods Real time quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression of miR-132 and miR-183 in 96 cases with gastric cancer (gastric cancer group) and 45 cases of normal controls (control group) in our hospital from January 2014 to March 2017. The diagnostic value of miR-132 and miR-183 for gastric cancer was analyzed by ROC curve. Results There was no statistically significant difference in sex (male/female:65/31 vs 28/17) and age(62.84±10.36) years vs (60.46±9.72) years between two groups (all P > 0.05). The levels of serum miR-132 and miR-183 in gastric cancer group were significantly higher than those in control groupmiR-132:(5.13±0.34) vs (0.87±0.05), P=0.000; (0.64±0.08) vs (0.12±0.03), P=0.000. ROC curve analysis showed that AUC (95% CI) of the combination of serum miR-132 and miR-183 in diagnosis of gastric cancer was0.958 (0.892-0.996), which was superior to miR-1320.864 (0.805-0.926)(Z=7.638, P=0.000)and miR-1830.904 (0.845-0.967) (Z=4.926, P=0.016), and its sensitivity and specificity were 96.2% and 87.4%, respectively. Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between serum miR-132 and miR-183 in patients with gastric cancer(r=0.758, P=0.000). Conclusion Serum miR-132 and miR-183 are obviously up-regulated in patients with gastric cancer, and are expected to be a novel tumor biomarker for the diagnosis of gastric cancer.