Abstract: Objective To analyze the characteristics of virus spectrum of acute respiratory infection in children. Methods From February 2017 to March 2018, 860 children with acute respiratory infection were treated in pediatric department of Fushun Mining Bureau General Hospital. Seven common respiratory viruses were detected using direct immunofluorescence method by collecting nasopharyngeal swabs. The characteristics of each virus infection and its relationship with season, age and gender were analyzed. Results The total number of positive cases was 273 with the total positive rate of 31.74 %. The positive rates of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenovirus (ADV), influenza virus type A (Flu-A), influenza virus type B (Flu-B), paroinfluenza virus type 1 (PIV-Ⅰ), paroinfluenza virus type 2 (PIV-Ⅱ) and PIV-3(PIV-Ⅲ) were 20.23%, 5.23%, 2.91%, 1.28%, 2.21%, 1.98%, and 3.84%, respectively. The highest virus detection rate was found in infant with age of 0-6 months, which was 28.94%. The detection rate of respiratory viruses was the highest in winter (50.92%), and it was 7.69% in summer. The detection rates in different respiratory tract infections were different, with bronchitis (45.71%) as the highest. Conclusion Respiratory syncytial virus is the main pathogen of acute respiratory virus infection in children in winter. The virus detection rate in respiratory diseases varies with different ages and seasons. Early identification of viruses can reduce the misuse and abuse of antibiotics, and guide clinical diagnosis and treatment.