Abstract: Objective To investigate the clinical effect of ultraviolet irradiation in the treatment of skin and mucosa injury caused by chemotherapy in children. Methods From February 2017 to February 2018, 50 cases of skin and mucosa injury caused by chemotherapy in our hospital were assigned to experimental group(n=25) and control group(n=25) by simple random grouping. The experimental group was treated with ultraviolet radiation(wave length of 254 nanometers, spectrum>85%, average biological dose MED=1 s) combined with conventional drug treatment. The control group was treated with conventional medicine. The treatment course was 9 days. The changes of pain analogue scale(VAS) and the effective rate of treatment were compared between the two groups at 3 day, 6 day and 9 day. Results There were significant differences in the effective rates of skin and mucosa healing between the control group(32.00%, 56.00%, 68.00%) and the experimental group(60.00%, 84.00%, 100.00%) at 3 day, 6 day, and9 day(P<0.05, respectively), and the VAS scores of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group D3,(3.92±1.79) vs(5.60±1.83); D6,(2.40±1.41) vs(4.16±1.52); D9,(1.20 ±0.75) vs(2.24±1.33); all P< 0.05. Conclusion Ultraviolet radiation combined with drug treatment can improve skin and mucosa healing, shorten the treatment duration, relieve pain, improve the compliance of children with chemotherapy, with no obvious adverse reactions.