Abstract: Klebsiella pneumoniae is widely distributed in the natural world. In recent years, it has become the second opportunistic pathogen only after E. coli. Due to the unreasonable use of the antibiotics worldwide, the drug resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae is increasing year by year. There have even been "superbugs" resistant to almost all known antibiotics, which pose a great threat to clinical anti-infection treatment. This paper summarizes the recent advances in the study of resistance mechanism of Klebsiella pneumoniae.