Abstract: Objective To explore the application prospect of 3 D visualization in the surgical treatment of retroperitoneal liposarcoma. Methods This was a prospective cohort study.Clinical data about 28 patients with retroperitoneal liposarcoma admitted to our department from January 2017 to December 2018 were analyzed.Patients were randomly divided into two groups,14 patients in 3 D visualization assisted group(3 D group,7 males and 7 females,the average age was 46.42±18.65 years)and the other 14 cases in the conventional group(conventional group,6 males and 8 females,the average age was 46.50±13.65 years).CT images of patients in the 3 D group were visualized preoperatively by 3 D reconstruction technology,and the preoperative evaluation and surgical plan were made simultaneously based on the reconstruction results.The intraoperative blood loss,operating time and the length of hospital stay were compared between two groups. Results All the 3 D visualized reconstruction images could clearly show all-around anatomical structure,and relationships with adjacent tumor tissues,abdominal organs and abdominal great vessels.Patients in the 3 D group underwent retroperitoneal tumor resection after evaluation,and the results of intraoperative exploration were roughly consistent with the anatomical relationship of the tumor in the preoperative 3 D reconstruction.The volume of the actual resected tumor was(4 343.8±1 803.95)ml in the 3 D group,while tumor resection volume in the stimulated operations was(4 119.6±1 767.94)ml,without significant difference(P>0.05).Compared with the conventional group,intraoperative blood loss(344.29±343.71)ml vs(728.57±598.95)ml,operating time(132.14±44.58)min vs(216.43±81.04)min and the hospital stay(13.5±5.98)d vs(18.07±4.16)d in the 3 D visualization group significantly reduced(all P<0.05). Conclusion In the surgical treatment of retroperitoneal liposarcoma,the 3 D visualization technology can be used for precise preoperative evaluation,with less intraoperative blood loss,shorter operating time and hospital stay.