瑞替普酶联合替罗非班治疗老年STEMI患者的疗效及对凝血功能的影响

Reteplase combined with tirofiban in treatment of STEMI in elderly patients and its effect on coagulation function

  • 摘要: 目的 探讨瑞替普酶联合替罗非班静脉溶栓治疗老年急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction,STEMI)的疗效及对凝血功能的影响,为临床安全用药提供依据。方法 选取2015年1月-2018年10月儋州市中医院及海南西部中心医院收治的老年STEMI患者116例,按随机数字表法将患者分为观察组(n=58)和对照组(n=58)。对照组给予瑞替普酶溶栓干预,观察组给予替罗非班联合瑞替普酶溶栓干预。观察两组溶栓治疗后60 min、90 min和120 min血管再通率,比较两组心血管不良事件、出血事件及凝血酶时间(thrombin time,TT)、凝血酶原时间(prothrombin time,PT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(activated partial thromboplastin time,APTT)及纤维蛋白原(fibrinogen,FIB)水平。结果 观察组溶栓后60 min (67.2%vs 36.2%)、90 min (81.0%vs 63.8%)和120 min (93.1%vs 72.4%)血管再通率均明显高于对照组(P均<0.05)。观察组住院期间梗死后心绞痛(8.6%vs 22.4%)、心力衰竭(3.4%vs 15.5%)及再梗死发生率(1.7%vs 12.1%)均明显低于对照组(P均<0.05)。观察组住院期间总出血事件发生率与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。治疗后两组TT、PT及APTT水平较治疗前均明显延长,且观察组治疗后TT、PT及APTT水平明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后两组FIB水平较治疗前均明显降低,且观察组治疗后FIB水平明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 瑞替普酶联合替罗非班治疗老年STEMI的临床效果较好,能改善患者的凝血功能。

     

    Abstract: Objective To explore the effect of intravenous thrombolysis using reteplase combined with tirofiban on elderly patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI) and its influence on coagulation function. Methods Totally 116 elderly STEMI patients admitted to Danzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital and Hainan Western Central Hospital from January 2015 to October 2018 were selected and assigned into observation group(n=58) and control group(n=58) according to random number table method. The control group received reteplase thrombolytic intervention, while the observation group received tirofiban combined with reteplase thrombolytic intervention. Vascular recanalization rate, adverse cardiovascular events, bleeding events and thrombin time(TT), prothrombin time(PT), activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT) and fibrinogen(FIB) levels were compared between the two groups. Results The recanalization rates at 60, 90 and 120 minutes after thrombolysis in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(60 min, 67.2% vs 36.2%; 90 min, 81.0% vs 63.8%; 120 min,93.1% vs 72.4%; P< 0.05, respectively). The incidences of post-infarction angina pectoris(8.6% vs 22.4%), heart failure(3.4% vs 15.5%) and re-infarction(1.7% vs 12.1%) in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of total bleeding events between the observation group and the control group during hospitalization(P> 0.05). After treatment, the levels of TT, PT and APTT in the two groups were significantly longer than those before treatment, and the levels of TT, PT and APTT in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P< 0.05). After treatment, the level of FIB in the two groups was significantly lower than that before treatment, and the level of FIB in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P< 0.05). Conclusion Reteplase combined with tirofiban is superior to reteplase alone in the treatment of STEMI in elderly, and it can improve the coagulation function of patients.

     

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