Abstract: Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of cytomegalovirus(CMV) infection after haploid allogene peripheral blood stem cell transplantation(Allo-PBSCT). Methods From October 2013 to January 2018, 38 patients undergoing haploid AlloPBSCT were pretreated with modified BU/CY regimen in our hospital. There were 16 males and 22 females, with an average age of 33(11-54) years; 16 cases had acute myeloid leukemia(AML), 4 cases had chronic myeloid leukemia(CML), 4 cases had myelodysplastic syndrome(MDS), and 14 cases had acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL). CMV-DNA values were dynamically monitored after blood cell transplantation and antiviral therapy was timely initiated. The incidence and prognosis of CMV infection and its risk factors were analyzed. Results The incidence of CMV infection was 73.7%, and the median time to onset of CMV infection was 38(14-94) days after implantation. After antiviral therapy, the seroconversion rate of CMV infection was 89.3% and the CMV disease incidence was 3.6%. Univariate analysis showed that CMV infection was associated with the occurrence of graft versus host disease(GVHD)(P< 0.05). The incidence of CMV infection in GVHD group was higher after transplantation. Conclusion The incidence of CMV infection after haploid stem cell transplantation is high, and the occurrence of GVHD is associated with CMV infection.