Abstract: Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of influenza viruses infection among children in Zhuozhou City from 2014 to 2017, and provide evidence for the prevention and control of influenza among children. Methods Pharyngeal swab specimens of children with influenza-like illness(ILI) in Zhuozhou Hospital from 2014 to 2017 were collected. Real-time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) was used to detect the nucleic acid of influenza virus and identify its subtypes. The influenza epidemic trend and the composition of influenza viruses were analyzed. Results From 2014 to 2017, a total of 4 816 throat swabs of ILI children were collected, and 602 positive specimens were detected, with an overall positive detection rate of 12.50%. From 2014 to 2017, the positive rates of influenza viruses were 17.34%, 14.63%, 11.06% and 7.24%, respectively, with a decreasing trend(P< 0.05). H3 N2 dominated from 2014 to 2016, and B(Yamagata) and H3 N2 dominated in 2017. The positive rate of influenza viruses mostly peaked in January and February from 2014 to 2017. The positive rate of influenza virus was highest in the age group of 0-4 years old(16.01%), while the age group of 10-14 years old had the lowest positive rate(8.61%). There were statistically significant differences in influenza virus positive rates and trend changes among different age groups(P< 0.05). Conclusion From 2014 to 2017 in Zhuozhou city, the peak of flu epidemic appears in winter and spring, and children aged 0-4 years old are the main susceptible population. These suggest that we should strengthen the detection of pathogens and take targeted prevention and treatment measures.