Abstract: Objective To explore how to improve rescue skills and training effect of biological sample collection during on-site disposal training of nuclear emergency medical rescue. Methods In October 2018,the nuclear emergency rescue team of our hospital launched a one-month field training to test whether they had the ability of fast,accurate and efficient treatment for radiation injury. Results The nuclear emergency rescue team was competent in rescue,while there existed some weaknesses:missing collection of a few patients' biological samples,difficulty in sending samples for testing,and lacking of adequate training. Conclusion For the members of nuclear emergency rescue team,allocating rescue human resources,developing integrated acquisition instrument,and organizing regular training are of great importance.