Abstract: Endometriosis is a common gynecological disease,and its pathogenesis is still not clear.But a large number of studies have shown that miRNAs are closely related to the occurrence of endometriosis.Therefore,we review the research progress in role of microRNAs in endometriosis.Studies have shown that various miRNAs are differentially expressed in eutopic endometrium compared to ectopic endometrium,but the results are heterogeneous among different studies,which may be due to the different types of ectopic endometrium tissues and the different stages of disease.miRNAs can adjust the function of cells by regulating the expression of the key genes in specific pathways after transcription,including Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT),immunity,proliferation apoptosis and cell cycle,which will affect the pathogenesis of endometriosis.In addition,the relationship between miRNA and infertility due to endometriosis is also discussed.