Abstract: Reconstruction of bone defects caused by severe trauma, infection, tumor and congenital malformation of musculoskeletal system has become a challenge for orthopaedic surgeons. By etching, chemical reaction and ionizing radiation without using solvent or generating chemical waste, plasma surface modification techniques not only change the composition and microstructure of the polymer surface, but also fabricate the bionic surface structures by means of coating, grafting and protein fixation, which significantly promotes cell attachment, proliferation and differentiation, thereby promoting the growth and vascularization of new bone tissues. Plasma surface modification has become a research hotspot in the field of bone tissue engineering and has been widely used.