北京地区定点收治新型冠状病毒肺炎市级医院护士灾害准备度及影响因素分析

刘春梓; 于燕波; 刘慧娟; 张飞飞; 张晓宁; 杨滢; 沙花燕; 李因茵; 刘丽英; 张昕

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-5227.2020.03.010

北京地区定点收治新型冠状病毒肺炎市级医院护士灾害准备度及影响因素分析

Disaster preparedness of nurses in three COVID-19 designated hospitals in Beijing and its influencing factors: A cross-sectional study

摘要

摘要:
目的了解北京地区定点收治新型冠状病毒肺炎市级医院护士灾害准备度现状及影响因素，为提高突发疫情形势下护士灾害应对能力提供参考。
方法 2020年1月30日- 2月3日研究者采用自制一般资料调查表及中文版灾害准备度评估工具，以网络问卷形式对北京地区3家定点市级三甲医院1 380名护士的一般情况、灾害准备度进行调查。
结果 1 380名护士灾害准备度得分为(201.89±36.56)分，整体属中等偏上水平，高于既往研究; 其中备灾维度得分112.85±20.25，应对维度得分62.54±12.64，灾后恢复维度得分26.50±6.08。性别(B=-13.552，P=0.008)、年龄(B=-4.832，P=0.039)、学历(B=-6.693，P=0.001)、是否知识培训(B=9.212，P=0.001)、是否技能培训(B=14.787，P=0.000)、正在参与救灾(B=4.446，P=0.034)和准备参与救灾(B=5.611，P=0.017)是护士灾害准备度的影响因素(P均 < 0.05)。
结论北京地区3家定点医院护士灾害准备度中等偏上，仍有待提高。男性、年龄小、年资低的护士可作为救灾主力，同时编配一定数量高级职称人员可提高团队应对灾害能力。定期组织知识技能培训可提高护士灾害准备度。

Abstract:
Objective To investigate the level of the disaster preparedness of nurses in the COVID-19 designated hospitals in Beijing and analyze its contributing factors, so as to provide evidences for improving ability of disaster preparedness in nurses.
Methods A total of 1 380 nurses from the three designated hospitals in Beijing were investigated with the Chinese version of Disaster Preparedness Evaluation Tool from January 30 to February 3 in 2020.
Results The total score of the disaster preparedness in nurses was (201.89±36.56), indicating a moderate to high level of preparedness. The scores of gender (B=-13.552, P=0.008), age (B=-4.832, P=0.039), education level (B=-6.693, P=0.001), disaster knowledge training (B=9.212, P=0.001), disaster skill training (B=14.787, P=0.000), participating in disaster rescue (B=4.446, P=0.034) and preparing in disaster rescue (B=5.611, P=0.017) were influencing factors of disaster preparedness (all P < 0.05).
Conclusion The nurses in the three COVID-19 designated hospitals in Beijing have a moderate to high level of disaster preparedness. Male nurses, young and junior nurses can be the main force of disaster rescue. Meanwhile, a certain number of senior professional title staff can improve the team's ability to cope with disasters. Regular training of knowledge and skills can improve the ability of nurses.

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