Abstract: Objective To investigate the risk factors for bloodstream infections with carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP),and assess their outcomes. Methods A retrospective observation study was conducted in 86 patients hospitalized in the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 1,2018 to December 31,2018,whose blood culture results were positive for Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP).According to the drug sensitivity test,the patients were divided into CRKP group (n=24) and carbapenem-sensitive Klebsiella pneumoniae (CSKP) group (n=62).The two groups were compared for clinical features and the exposure of related factors in the 90 days before infection. Results Emergency ICU,hepatobiliary surgery and oncology surgery ranked as the top three departments with highest number of KP bloodstream infection cases.Univariate analysis showed that IL-6 and CRP in the CSKP group were higher than those in the CRKP group;there were significant differences in bed&ward transfer,ICU admission,drainage,deep venipuncture,mechanical ventilation,urinary catheter,gastric tube,surgery,β-lactam compound,carbapenem,nitroimidazoles between the two groups.Logistic regression analysis showed that indwelling urinary catheter (OR=12.893,P<0.001) and indwelling drainage catheter (OR=5.878,P=0.007) were independent risk factors for CRKP infection.Patients in the CRKP group had a mortality rate of 41.7% during hospitalization,significantly higher than that of patients with CSKP bloodstream infection (8.1%,P=0.001). Conclusion Catheter and drainage are independent risk factors for CRKP bloodstream infection,and CRKP bloodstream infection has a high mortality,which suggests that the infection control should be strengthened,and antibiotics and invasive examination and treatment should be used reasonably.