居家老年人跌倒效能影响因素分析

Influencing factors of falls efficacy in home-living elderly

  • 摘要: 目的 调查居家老年人跌倒效能的现状及影响因素,为制订跌倒干预措施提供依据。方法 便利抽样法抽取2019年1-12月在我院防跌倒多学科联合门诊就诊的老年人178例,采用修订版跌倒效能量表、中文版跌倒风险自评量表、计时起立-行走测试、30 s椅子坐立测试、四阶段平衡测试进行评价,并分析跌倒效能的影响因素。结果 居家老年人跌倒效能总分平均值为(102.57±29.361)分,得分最低的两个条目是"淋浴"和"上下楼梯",分别为(6.85±2.54)分和(6.30±2.67)分。年龄(B=-0.238,P=0.003)、文化程度(B=-0.168,P=0.022)、30 s椅子坐立测试结果(B=-0.208,P=0.010)是影响老年人跌倒效能的主要因素。结论 居家老年人跌倒效能呈中等水平,年龄越大、文化程度越高、平衡肌力越弱的老年人,跌倒效能越低,跌倒风险越高。

     

    Abstract: Objective To investigate the current status and influencing factors of falls efficacy in home-living elder,and provide evidence for interventions on fall prevention. Methods From January to December in 2019,178 patients admitted to multi-disciplinary outpatient clinic for fall prevention were studied and their demographic data were collected.Evaluations including Modified Fall Effectiveness Scale (MFSE),Self-rated Fall Risk Questionnaire in Chinese Version,Timed Up & Go test (TUGT),30-second chair stand and 4-Stage Balance were administered,and influencing factors of fall efficacy were analyzed. Results The average score of MFSE was (102.57±29.361).The two items with lowest score were 'bath alone' and 'up and down stairs alone',which scored (6.85±2.54) and (6.30±2.67) in average,respectively.The main influencing factors of fall efficacy were age (B=-0.238,P=0.003),educational level (B=-0.168,P=0.022),and 30-second chair stand result (B=-0.208,P=0.010). Conclusion The level of falls efficacy in home-living elderly in this study is medium.The elderly with higher age,higher education level,weaker balance muscle strength are prone to have lower fall efficacy and higher risk of fall.

     

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