基层部队官兵高血压流行病学特点及危险因素分析

陈艳明; 赵茂翔; 汪驰; 王淼; 石亚君; 董颖; 张东; 韩宝石; 李宗斌; 陈韵岱; 薛浩

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-5227.2021.01.007

基层部队官兵高血压流行病学特点及危险因素分析

Epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of hypertension among PLA troops

摘要

摘要:
背景军人作为一个特殊的群体，往往处于特殊的军事环境和压力因素中，其高血压患病率及危险因素尚不清楚。
目的分析基层某部官兵高血压流行病学特点与危险因素。
方法 2019年9月对某部1 634名官兵进行流行病学调查，了解部队官兵高血压患病率。对诊断为高血压的官兵进行危险因素分析，并探究体质量指数(body mass index，BMI)、腰高比(waist-to-height ratio，WHtR)、腰臀比(waist hip ratio, WHR)与血压的关系。
结果纳入的1 634名官兵，平均年龄(25.11±4.90)岁，多数为男性(1 618例，99.02%)。高血压患病率为3.12%(51/1634)，1级高血压50例，2级高血压1例。统计分析发现高血压组的年龄偏大，WHtR超标比例高于非高血压组(P＜0.05)。运用Pearson相关分析发现WHtR、WHR与收缩压(r=0.19，r =0.18)、舒张压(r=0.17，r =0.22)升高相关(P均＜0.01)。校正了年龄、性别、吸烟、饮酒、心率等混杂因素的影响后，线性回归分析发现WHtR、WHR与收缩压(β=0.18，β =0.13)、舒张压(β=0.20，β =0.21)均有相关性(P均＜0.01)，而BMI仅与舒张压有关(β=0.07，P＜0.05)。
结论本组基层部队官兵高血压患病率为3.12%，绝大多数为1级高血压；与BMI相比，WHtR、WHR与高血压关系更为密切。

Abstract:
Background Military personnels are often faced with special environment and stress. However, the incidence of hypertension and its risk factors in the PLA troops are unclear.
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of hypertension among PLA troops and ensure their combat ability.
Methods In September 2019, an epidemiological survey was conducted among 1 634 officers and soldiers to assess the prevalence of hypertension. The relationship between BMI, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist hip ratio (WHR) and blood pressure were further explored for soldiers diagnosed with hypertension.
Results The average age of included officers and soldiers was 25.11 ± 4.90 years, and the majority (99.02%) were male. The prevalence of hypertension was 3.12% (51/1634), and the prevalence rate of grade 1 and grade 2 hypertension was 98.04% (50/51) and 1.96% (1/51) respectively. Statistical analysis showed that the hypertension group had significantly older age and higher waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) than the normotensive group (P＜0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that compared with BMI, WHtR and WHR were positively correlated with systolic pressure (r=0.19, r=0.18; P＜0.01, respectively) and diastolic pressure (r=0.17, r=0.20; P＜0.01, respectively). After adjustment of cardiovascular risk factors, such as age, gender, smoking, drinking, heart rate and other confounding factors, WHtR and WHR were correlated with both systolic (β=0.18, β=0.13; P＜0.01, respectively) and diastolic blood pressure (β=0.20, β=0.21; P＜0.01, respectively), while BMI was only correlated with diastolic blood pressure (β=0.07, P＜0.01).
Conclusion The prevalence rate of hypertension among border troops is 3.12%, most of which is grade 1. WHtR and WHR are more closely related to hypertension than BMI.

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