呋麻滴鼻液不同喷药次序对招飞学员心电图及血压的影响

张艺耀; 王雪峰; 杨芬; 王伟; 张光运; 于东睿; 张家康; 龚学晨; 王建昌; 邹志康

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-5227.2021.12.006

呋麻滴鼻液不同喷药次序对招飞学员心电图及血压的影响

Influence of spraying of ephedrine and furacilin nasal drops in different orders on electrocardiogram and blood pressure of trainees in pilot recruitment

摘要

摘要:
背景招飞医学选拔中针对鼻黏膜充血肿胀者会小剂量喷用呋麻滴鼻液，其对血压、心电图检查结果的影响尚不明确 。目的 观察小剂量呋麻滴鼻液喷药次序对心电图及血压的影响，为精准招飞合理用药提供依据。
方法 2020年参加空军招飞选拔的6 000余名高三学生中，需小剂量应用呋麻滴鼻液者1 911名，将其分为两组，A组先检查心电图和血压后喷药(n=712)，B组先喷药后检查心电图和血压(n=1 199)，比较两组各观察指标的差异，并检测B组不同时间各指标的变化。
结果两组心率、QT间期、收缩压、舒张压差异有统计学意义(P均＜0.05)，PR间期、电轴差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。按照喷药与检查的间隔时间对B组进行再次分组统计，发现间隔时间＜30 min、30 min~、60 min~、120 min~组与≥180 min组心率、舒张压和QT间期的差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。两两比较后，发现心率、舒张压和QT间期对应的药物作用持续时间分别为30 min、180 min和180 min。
结论小剂量呋麻滴鼻液喷药次序对心率、收缩压、舒张压、QT间期有明显影响，在招飞医学选拔时，应在用药180 min后再进行心电图和血压检查。

Abstract:
Background Students with nasal mucosal congestion will receive low-dose ephedrine and furacilin nasal drops during pilot recruitment. However, the influence of this treatment on electrocardiogram (ECG) and blood pressure (BP) remains unclear.
Objective To investigate the influence of spraying of low-dose ephedrine and furacilin nasal drops in different orders on ECG and BP, so as to provide references for rational drug use in pilot recruitment.
Methods Among more than 6000 grade 3 high school students who participated in the pilot recruitment of Air Force in 2020, 1911 candidates who required low-dose ephedrine and furacilin nasal drops were divided into group A (n=712) and group B (n=1 199). The candidates in group A firstly received spraying of ephedrine and furacilin nasal drops and then examination of ECG and BP, while the candidates in group B firstly received examination of ECG and BP and then spraying of ephedrine and furacilin nasal drops. The indices were compared between the two groups, and the changes in each index at different time points were observed for group B.
Results There were significant differences between the two groups in heart rate, QT interval, systolic pressure, and diastolic pressure (P <0.05), while there were no significant differences in PR interval and electric axis between the two groups (P >0.05). For group A, a subgroup analysis was performed based on the interval between spraying and examination, and the results showed that there were significant differences in heart rate, diastolic pressure, and QT interval between the groups with intervals of <30 minutes, 30 to <60 minutes, 60 to <120 minutes, 120 to <180 minutes, and ≥180 minutes (P < 0.05). Pairwise comparison showed that for heart rate, diastolic pressure, and QT interval, the duration of drug effect was 30 minutes, 180 minutes, and 180 minutes, respectively.
Conclusion Low-dose ephedrine and furacilin nasal drops sprayed in different orders has a significant influence on heart rate, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, and QT interval, and ECG and BP examinations should be conducted at 180 minutes after medication during physical examination for pilot recruitment.

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