Abstract: Acne is a highly prevalent inflammatory skin disease, which develops from an interplay of multiple factors. It is increasingly believed that the skin microbiome plays an important role in this disease. Over-proliferation of propionibacterium acnes has long been thought to contribute to the disease. However, recent studies indicate that the imbalance between different propionibacterium acnes phylotypes and the dysbiosis of skin microbiome is the key factor that leads to acne. Meanwhile, emerging evidences suggest that gut microbiota can be involved in the pathogenic process of acne. This review concentrates on the skin and gut microbes in acne and new microbiome-based therapies in treatment of acne.