Abstract: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an important global public safety problem with high morbidity, disability and mortality. Inflammasome is a polymeric protein complex that recognizes signals of cell damage or pathogenic microbial infection, which can be activated through classical and non-classical pathways, and it promotes the maturation and secretion of IL-1β and IL-18, leading to inflammatory response. In recent years, with the deepening research of inflammasome, the important role of inflammasome in TBI has been increasingly recognized. In this paper, the role of inflammasome in TBI is reviewed, and the regulatory mechanism of inflammasome involved in inflammatory response and its relationship with traumatic brain injury are summarized, in order to provide evidence for future studies in this field.