Background  Military training injuries seriously affect the training performance, overall health and combat readiness of troops, and are a major concern for militaries around the world. With the upsurge of actual combat training in our army, the training intensity has been greatly increased, and the incidence of military training injuries remains high. How to effectively prevent military training injuries is a huge challenge to our army.

  Objective  To explore the research topics and hot spots of relevant literature on military training injuries, analyze the research progress and trend, and provide reference for improving the research of military training injury prevention and treatment in China.

  Methods  Visual knowledge network map analysis was performed using CiteSpace software based on journals indexed by the Web of Science database core collection as data source from 1996 to 2021.

  Results  A total of 771 references were screened, including 556 keywords, 18 clusters, 28 emergent words and 59 topic categories. The number of publications on military training injuries increased year by year. Current researches were focused on continuous monitoring of military training injury data, physical performance and injury-related symptoms of individual soldiers under load carriage, and risk prediction using machine learning. The researches on military training injuries showed the characteristics of interdisciplinary integration, involving sports science, orthopedics, public, environmental and occupational health, surgery, engineering technology and so on. Social network analysis showed leading capabilities in military training injury research in developed countries such as the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia, and high-yield author groups had not yet formed.

  Conclusion  The research of military training injuries should emphasize on the sustainability of injury data, the long-term nature and coherence of injury research, and the interdisciplinary integration research, so as to achieve effective injury prevention and improve the performance of military personnel.