Abstract: One of the characteristics of malignant tumors is the uncontrolled proliferation and growth, and this process demands a large amount of energy and matter as a foundation. It also requires changes in the glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism of the tumor to adapt to the needs of proliferation and growth. Besides providing energy and material basis for the growth of malignant tumors, lipid is also an important molecule in cell signaling pathway. Stearoyl-coa desaturase-1, a key enzyme in lipid metabolism, has played an important role in malignant tumors. The purpose of this review is to review SCD1’s function, location, the relationship of SCD1 and tumor, and research advances in inhibitors of SCD1.