Abstract: Abstract: PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy is an important treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), however, only some patients respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and are clinically prone to a variety of immune-related adverse effects or even drug resistance. Therefore, searching for molecular markers that are closely related to cancer development and progression, and utilizing these markers to guide cancer immunotherapy are hotspots and difficulties in current research. PD-L1 expression level and tumor mutational load (TMB) in tumors are currently more recognized biomarkers, but these indicators rely on tumor tissues, and a single choice of a certain evaluation index is not satisfactory, and the comprehensive use of multiple indicators is more reasonable and effective. In recent years, the application of nutrition-related hematological indicators, including blood lipid level, serum albumin level and serum ferritin level, in the prediction of immunotherapy efficacy has been receiving more and more attention. This article comprehensively reviews the research progress and related mechanisms of nutrition-related hematological indicators in the prediction of immunotherapy efficacy in NSCLC, which will play a certain clinical significance in the prediction of immunotherapy efficacy.