Abstract: Objective To study the role of hepatitis B virus large protein（HBVLP） in diagnosis of hepatitis B. Methods HBVLP and HBV PreS1 were detected by ELISA,and HBV DNA was detected by fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction（PCR）. Results No significant difference was found in HBVLP and HBV DNA（χ²=2.46,P＞0.05） while a significant difference was observed in HBV PreS1 and HBV DNA（χ²=17.34,P＜0.01） in HBeAg positive samples.The OD value was closely correlated with the copies of HBV DNA（r=0.912,P＜0.05）.The mean OD value and positive rate for HBVLP were linearly increased in HBeAg negative samples.However,the mean OD value and positive rate for HBV PreS1 were not related the copies of HBV DNA. Conclusion HBV LP is positively related with HBV DNA and can show a higher HBV replication level than HBV PreS1.