Abstract: Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation（APBSCT） on malignant hemopathy.Methods Of the 20 patients with malignant hemopathy treated with APBSCT,3 were diagnosed as acute leukemia,1 as plasma cell leukemia,8 as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma,3 as Hodgkin's lymphoma,and 5 as multiple myeloma.All patients treated with APBSCT in combination with MOEP plus G-CSF for PBSC mobilization.The median number of mononuclear cells（MNC） and CD34⁺ cells was（7.23±2.27）×10⁸/kg and（4.37±2.72）×10⁶/kg,respectively after PBSC was mobilized for 3-6 days.Results The hematopoietic function of patients was good after APBSCT.The mean time for the WBC and platelets to increase to ＞2.0×10⁹/L and ＞20×10⁹/L was 12.04±1.76 days and 16.55±2.31 days,respectively.Four patients died of relapse 6 months after APBSCT.The disease-free survival time of the remaining 16 patients was 6-55months.Conclusion APBSCT is a safe and effective procedure for malignant hemopathy.