Abstract: Objective: To study the effect of Anti-TNF-mAb on the apoptosis of myocardial cells during the continuous ischemia and the ischemia reperfusion injury. Methods: Wistar rats were randomly divided into 7 groups. Ligate the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery with slipknot to block the blood flow and reperfuse the myocardium. The apoptotic cell was labeled by TUNEL. Results: In situ apoptotic cell labeling and semiquantitative analysis reveal: The degree of the apoptosis of myocardial cells decreased significantly in the Anti-TNF- mAb-administrated groups compared with continuous ischemia group and ischemia reperfusion injury group. Conclusion: Continuous ischemia and ischemia reperfusion injury can result in the apoptosis of myocardial cells; the preconditioning with Anti-TNF- mAb can lessen the degree of the apoptosis of myocardial cells signigicantly.