Abstract: Objective:To study about the treatment of rats with benign prostatic hypertrophy（BPH） by Masson pine pollen and its mechanism.Methods:24 SD rats were divided into 3 groups.The group 1 was fed with normal diets.The group 2 and group 3 were fed with 3 starch tablets（as placebo） and 3 Masson pine pollen tablets per day respectively before feeding,and they all be pair fed with group 1.After two weeks,group 1 was injected with olive oil(1ml·kg^-1) and group 2 and 3 were injected with testosterone propionate(4mg·kg^-1) which was mixed with olive oil for 2 weeks to establish the models of BPH.Feeding with the same way as before for 4 weeks, then all rats were killed.Results:The prostate hyperplasia symptoms of Masson pine pollen group was much better than placebo group.Testosterone level of group 3 was lower than that of group 2.Not only estradiol level, but also cholesterol content in serum of group 3 were the lowest.Conclusion:Masson Pine Pollen can improve the symptom of BPH by regulating the level of estradiol and testosterone.