Abstract: Objective To establish an animal model of precancerous squamous epithelial lesions similar to human esophageal lesions. Methods Acetone solution and membrane containing dimethyl-benzanthracene（DMBA）,a carcinogenesis agent,were smeared or pasted on the buccal mucosa of 48 rabbits for 16 weeks.Then,histopathology and immunohistochemistry were used to detect changes in buccal mucosa of rabbits.Twelve rabbits were used as a blank control group. Results The rate of Ⅱ-Ⅲ grade atypical hyperplasia in buccal mucosa of rabbits was 64.6%（31/48） and 70.8%（17/24）,respectively,16 weeks after treatment with DMBA and membrane containing DMBA.Immunohistochemistry showed that the expression levels of P53,proliferating cell nuclear antigen（PCNA） and Bcl-2 proteins in buccal mucosa of rabbits increased with the severity of precancerous lesions. Conclusion An animal model of precancerous squamous epithelial lesions in buccal mucosa of rabbits can be established with DMBA.Membrane pasting is a rather good method for local delivery of drugs.