Abstract: Objective: To study the diagnosis and treatment of popliteal artery entrapment syndrome（PAES）. Methods: Four PAES patients（3 with popliteal artery stenosis and 1 with occlusion） were treated in our hospital from April 2006 to July 2008.Of them,3 underwent traditional operation,and 1 endovascular repair（EVR）.The patients were followed up for 6-12 months to observe their postoperative symptoms and blood circulation of popliteal artery. Results: Popliteal artery stricture occurred in 2 patients,and became normal 6 months after mobilization.Thrombectomy was performed for 1 patient with popliteal artery occlusion,which relapsed 5 days after mobilization.EVR was performed for 1 patient with popliteal artery occlusion,which also recurred 6 months after mobilization. Conclusion: Traditional operation is advantageous over EVR for PAES patients.