Abstract: Sixty patients with intracranial pressure（ICP）monitoring following craniocerebral operation were compared with other 60 patients without ICP monitoring after surgery,ones in both groups being identical in hospitalization period,disease condition,and fashion of operation or anesthesia, etc. Postoperative starting pressure was lower than normal in most of the patients monitored and the elevated pressure generally suggested postoperative hematoma or pneumocephalus.In cases with postoperative cerebral edema,the ICP rose about 12 hours and fell 48—72 hours after operation.If the ICP reached 40 mmHg or more as well as remained above 20 mmHg,even if treated,the outcome would be poor.The amounts of dehydrant agent of non-monitored series were 6.1—7 times that of monitored series and the rate of postoperative complications,mortality and disability in non-monitored series were higher than in monitored series（P＜0.05）. ICP monitoring can be used to elicit any change in ICP,to discover or deal with postoperative complications in time and to improve operative effect,so that is of practical value.If used properly,intracranial infection can be avoided or reduced to a lower level.