Abstract: Objective To observe the effect of renal artery angioplasty on blood pressure and kidney function in patients with renal artery stenosis（RAS）. Methods A total of 201 patients with RAS received percutaneous transluminal renal artery angioplasty/stents（PTRAS）. One hundred and thirty-eight patients were followed up for an average period of 13±10 months to observe changes occurred in their blood pressure,serum creatinine level,and glomerular filtration. Results Renal artery angioplasty was successfully performed in 96% of the 201 patients. The renal artery stenosis rate was decreased from 70%±11% to 12%±10% after PTRAS. The blood pressure of 138 followed-up patients was significantly decreased（P＜0.01）. The number of anti-hypertensive drugs was significantly decreased（P＜0.01）. The systolic blood pressure was decreased from（20.1±3.3） kPa to（18.3±2.1） kPa,while the diastolic systoli pressure was decreased from（10.9±2.010） kPa to（3±1.5） kPa. Instent restenosis occurred in 14 patients 1 to 23 months after operation,which was correlated with nonostial stenosis. Conclusion Patients with renal artery stenosis can benefit from PTRAS and instent restenosis is correlated with the type of RAS.