Abstract: Objective To investigate the effect of bilevel positive airway pressure（BiPAP） ventilation on chronic pulmonary heart disease complicated by typeⅡrespiratory failure. Methods Sixty-eight patients with pulmonary heart disease complicated by typeⅡ respiratory failure were divided into control group and treatment group（n=34）.Patients in control group were given conventional general treatment only while patients in treatment group were given BiPAP ventilation besides conventional treatment.Three days later,respiratory rate（RR）,heart rate（HR）,SaO₂,pH,PaO₂,and PaCO₂ of patients in the two groups were compared,and their hospitalized time（days） and mortality were recorded. Results Three days after intervention,the SaO₂,pH,PaO₂,and PaCO₂ of the patients in treatment group were 94.3%,7.36,82.1mmHg,and 49.6mmHg,respectively,which were significantly higher than those（89.0%,7.31,72.8mmHg and 58.9mmHg） of the patients in control group.The hospitalized time（13 days） and mortality（2.9%） of the patients in treatment group were shorter and lower than those（21 days and 11.8%） of the patients in control group. Conclusion BiPAP ventilation is of effects on chronic pulmonary heart disease complicated by typeⅡ respiratory failure.