Abstract: Objective: To study expression of neuroglobin （NGB） gene in brain and different cellular tissues. Methods: 1.Wistar rats, the brian was taken and fixed in 4% polymerisatum at once. plasmid was purificated and extract of NGB, distribution of NGBmRNA was detected in normal rat brain with hybridization in situ and histochemistry method. 2.Total species tissues RNA 2ug of eath tissue,it was been reverse transcription cDNA and PCR templat. infraequally primer was designed, cDNA was been reverse transcription, PCR products was used agarose gel electrophoresis and quantu analysed with software. mono agent analysis of variance of Stat statistical. Results: 1.Positive cell of NGBmRNA localized neuron in normal rat brain、cinguli cortex、pyriform cortex、cytoplasm、hippocampal area、prosencephalon nucleus mass、almond central nucleus、almond inside nucleus、almond cortex pronucleus、almond cortex postnucleus、piriform intranucleus ether、thalamus. 2.There were expression of NGBmRNA in human 13 species besides brain tissue. expression were difference in those tissues. Conclusion: Wide distribution of NGB gene in rat brain, Positive cell of NGBmRNA localized neuron in normal rat brain; There were expression of NGBmRNA in human 13 species cellular tissues, but expression were difference levels in those tissues. It was suggested that NGBmRNA may be to have comprehensive action in human body besides in nervous system play an important rule.