Abstract: Objective: Using control study to compare conservative and operative therapy for the anteromedial column fractures of thoracolumbar spine with no nervous lesion.Methods: Thirty-four cases with no nervous lesion that were diagnosed with the anteromedial column fractures of thoracolumbar spine,including T11-L2 from March 1999 to July 2002.28 cases were followed up for two years,including 11 in Group A as operative theray group,17 in group B as conservative theray group.Results: It was significant differences could be obviously researched via scatching vertebrae and nervous lesion on X-ray and CT.Group A had an excellent reduction,group B worse,in advanced stage,most B had nervous syndromes and A had not them.Conclusion: The anteromedial column fractures of thoracolumbar spine with no nervous lesion should be operated actively in the early time.spinal fractures;spinal cord injury;thoracic vertebrae;lumber vertebrae