Abstract: Objective: To investigate the dynamic changes of neuroglobin expression in pallium in rats following ischemic-reperfusion injury.Methods: Sprague-Damley male rats were subjected to 90 min of focal ischemia induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion with a filament insert.Immunohistochemical method was performed to observe the change of neuroglobin staining in cerebral ischemic penumbra.Results: NGB protein was up-regulated from 1 h to 32 h after ischemic-reperfusion insult in cerebral ischemic penumbra,next was down-regulated.Conclusion: NGB may have important function in the adaptive protection process of ischemic brain damage.