Abstract: Objective To investigate the clinical features,treatment and prognosis of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus（SLE） accompanying acute pancreatitis（AP）. Methods Two patients with SLE accompanying AP were reported with a review of literature.Their clinical features and death-related factors were analyzed. Results The patients with SLE accompanying mild-moderate and severe AP accounted for 67.2% and 32.8% of all the 58 SLE patients with abdominal pain（98.3%） as their most common symptom.The mortality rate was significantly higher in patients with SLE accompanying severe AP than in those with SLE accompanying mild-moderate AP（68.4% vs 10.3%,P＜0.05）.The mortality rate was much higher in patients with SLE accompanying acute renal failure than in those with SLE not accompanying acute renal failure（100%,19%;P=0.017）.Logistic regression analysis showed that the lesions in four or more organs（OR=11.7,95% CI=1.75-78.0） could independently predict the mortality in patients with SLE accompanying AP,while corticosteroids and immunosuppressive agents could be used as a protective factor（OR= 0.148,95% CI=0.035-0.627）. Conclusion Pancreatitis should be suspected in SLE patients with unexplained abdominal pain.Lesions in four or more organs can be used as an independent predictor for mortality.The prognosis of patients with SLE accompanying severe AP or acute renal failure is poor.Active treatment can improve the prognosis and prolong the survival time of such patients.