Abstract: Objective To study the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment of hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelet （HELLP） syndrome associated with acute renal failure （ARF） and the prognosis of pregnant and maternal women and neonates. Methods The data about 10 clinical cases of HELLP syndrome associated with ARF admitted to our hospital in January 2005-December 2008 were retrospectively analyzed. Results HELLP syndrome was found to be a complication of hypertension of pregnancy characterized by elevated blood pressure, nausea, vomiting, edema, ecchymosis or mucous hemorrhage, oliguria or anuria. Some laboratory data, such as the lactic dehydrogenase, aminotransferase, blood creatinine levels and platelet count, could be used as its diagnostic, monitoring and prognostic indexes. The key points to prevent deterioration of the disease and to reduce the mortality of pregnant and maternal women and neonates are to terminate pregnancy and to give hemopurication therapy. Conclusion HELLP syndrome associated ARF is an acute and serious disease. The key points to prevent deterioration of the disease and to reduce the mortality of pregnant and maternal women and neonates are early diagnosis, comprehensive treatment, termination of pregnancy and hemopurication therapy.