Abstract: Objective: To observe the preventive effect of hot compress plus phlebitis ointment on mechanical phlebitis caused by PICC. Methods: A total of 416 patients with mechanical phlebitis caused by PICC were randomly divided into treatment group and control group.Patients in the treatment group were treated with hot compress plus phlebitis ointment after PICC.Patients in the control group received no treatment. Results: Symptoms of phlebitis,including redness,indurations and pain along the vein,were observed.The incidence of phlebitis was 10.31% in treatment group,which was significantly lower than that（30.18%）in the control group（P＜0.01）. Conclusion: Pretreatment with hot compress plus phlebitis ointment can reduce the incidence of mechanical phlebitis caused by PICC.