Abstract: Objective To study the recurrence of pyllode tumor（PT） of breast and its metastatic factors and surgical procedure. Methods Diagnosis and treatment of 66 PT patients who underwent operation in our hospital in January 1998-October 2009 were retrospectively analyzed based on their clinical and pathological data. Results Among the 66 patients, malignant, borderline and benign PT was detected in 11, 3 and 52 patients, respectively. Of the 57 patients who underwent their initial operation in our hospital, 39 were followed up and 6 had a local recurrence（including recurrence of benign, borderline and malignant PT in 2, 1 and 3 patients, respectively）. Of the 9 patients who were treated in our hospital after relapse of PT, 7 were followed up and recurrence occurredin 4（57.1%）. Three patients died of lung metastasis. Conclusion Early mastectomy should be performed for patients with their benign PT relapsed after a second local excision and those with their malignant PT initially recurred.