Abstract: Objective To study the expression of serum leptin,TNF-α,IL-lβ and IL-6 in patients with ulcerative colitis（UC） and its relation with UC.Methods Expression levels of serum leptin,TNF-α,IL-lβ and IL-6 were measured in 30 healthy controls and 60 UC patients（34 active UC patients and 26 remission UC patients）.Correlation between leptin and TNF-α,IL-lβ and IL-6 was analyzed.Results The expression levels of serum leptin,TNF-α,IL-lβ and IL-6 were statistically higher in active UC patients than in normal controls and transmission UC patients（P＜0.05）,which increased with the progression of UC.The serum leptin level was positively related with the TNF-α,IL-lβ and IL-6 levels in active UC patients（P＜0.01） but not statistically related with the TNF-α,IL-lβ and IL-6 levels in transmission UC patients（P＞0.05）.Conclusion Leptin,as a cofactor of inflammatory reaction,can interact with TNF-α,IL-lβ and IL-6,participate in the pathogenesis of UC and is related with the progression of UC.