Abstract: Objective To study the nursing of children with malignant tumor in order to prevent the epidemic of type A H1N1 influenza in pediatric wards,reduce complications and improve survival rate. Methods Measures were taken to prevent and control infection in children at a high risk by closely observing their condition,monitoring their temperature,collecting throat swab specimens,implementing disinfection and isolation,and screening,with psychological intervention when drugs were used. Results Among the 469 children with malignant tumor,only 3 were diagnosed as type A H1N1 influenza by medical observation and throat swab specimens with no complications and no cross infection both in hospitalized patients and in medical staff. Conclusion Prevention and control intervention is an effective measure to protect children with malignant tumor against type A H1N1 influenza.