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摘要: 伏隔核位于腹侧纹状体，主要由中型多棘的γ-氨基丁酸(γ-aminobutyric acid，GABA)能神经元构成，根据其表达受体的不同，又细分为表达多巴胺D1受体、多巴胺D2受体、腺苷A1及A2A受体的神经元亚型。以往研究发现伏隔核参与调控奖赏、成瘾、摄食、学习及睡眠-觉醒等神经生物学行为，与皮质、中脑多巴胺能核团等有着复杂的纤维联系。新近的研究表明伏隔核在全身麻醉意识调控中也发挥重要的作用，这为全身麻醉机制研究提供了新的思路。因此，本文对伏隔核各亚型神经元及其投射通路在睡眠-觉醒和全身麻醉中的作用进行综述。Abstract: Nucleus accumben is located in the ventral striatum and is mainly composed of medium-sized polyspinous γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurons. According to their different expression receptors, the neurons can be subdivided into neuronal subtypes expressing dopamine D1 receptor, dopamine D2 receptor, adenosine A1 and A2A receptor. Previous studies have found that the nucleus accumben is involved in the regulation of reward, addiction, feeding, learning, sleep-wake and other neurobiological behaviors, and has complex fibrous connections with the cortex and midbrain dopaminergic nuclei. Recent studies have shown that the nucleus accumben also plays an important role in the consciousness regulation of general anesthesia, which opens up new horizon for the mechanism of general anesthesia. Therefore, this review focuses on the role of each subtype of neurons in the nucleus accumbens and their projection pathways in sleep-wake and general anesthesia.
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Key words:
- nucleus accumbens /
- dopamine /
- adenosine /
- sleep-wake /
- general anesthesia
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图 1 NAc与脑内睡眠-觉醒相关核团的投射
Figure 1. Projections between NAc and sleep-wake related nuclei in the brain
BLA: basolateral nucleus of amygdale; DR: dorsal raphe nucleus; LC: locus coeruleus; LDT: laterodorsal tegmental nucleus; LH: lateral hypothalamus; LHb: lateral habenula; PFC: prefrontal cortex; PPT: pedunculopontine tegmentum; PVT: paraventricular thalamus; SNr/SNc: substantia nigra pars reticulata/compacta; Hipp: hippocampus; VLPO: preoptic area of ventral lateral hypothalamus; VP: ventral pallidum
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