Abstract: Objective To report 2 cases of ileal perforation after kidney transplantation and study its related risk factors. Methods Clinical data about the 2 cases of ileal perforation after kidney transplantation were retrospectively analyzed and its related literature was reviewed. Results Ileal perforation occurred 7 and 19 days,respectively,in the 2 cases after renal transplantation.The two cases,with a history of dirty diet and craputence before onset of ileal perforation,had the clinical manifestations of acute abdomen,such as diarrhea,abdominal pain,and intestinal obstruction,and were diagnosed as ileal performation at exploratory laparotomy and underwent neoplasty.The patients recovered quite well after anti-rejection and anti-infection treatment with adequate drainage after operation,and were followed up for 4-40 months. Conclusion Dirty diet and craputence can induce intestinal perforation after kidney transplantation,which should be avoided as far as possible.Early diagnosis and surgical treatment can improve the prognosis of such patients.