Abstract: Objective: To find a new way of establishing a rat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD） model, and to observe the effects of inhaled Pulmicort and Atrovent on the model. Methods: The rat COPD model （model group）was established by intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide （LPS） twice and exposure to cigarite smoke Drug inhalation group rats received inhalation of Pulmicort and Atrovent respectively since the second week The pathologic characteristics of bronchial walls, the total and different white blood cell counts of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid（BALF） were determined, also the lung function measurements were carried out. Results: The model group rats shared specific pathological features in trachea,bronchi and lung tissues with that of human chronic bronchitis and obstructive emphesema; Significant increase in total white blood cells and neutrophils in BALF was found in COPD group （P＜0. 01）than those of control group Minute ventilation（V E ）,Peak Expiratory Flow（PEF） and Forced Expiratory Volume in 0.3 s（“FEV 0.3 ”） in COPD group （P＜0. 01） were significantly lower in comparison with those of control group The total white blood cells and neutrophils in BALF in Pulmicort group decreased significantly （P＜0. 01） than in control group, and the ratio of monocyte macrophage almost returned to the normal, but there were no obvious difference in the Atrovent group, there were no significant differences of other measurements between the control group, Atrovent group and Pulmicort group. Conclusion: By intratracheal instillation of LPS twice and exposure to cigarite smoke, the rat COPD model was successfully established and shared many characteristics of human COPD including the pathological and pathophysiological features This model may help in the further research of human COPD The steriod can protect the rat COPD model to some extent.