烧伤营养途径的选择

Choice of route of nutrition in burned patients

  • 摘要: 目的:将烧伤≥30%TBSA的烧伤患者204例进行了营养途径分析。方法:总的原则是胃肠内和胃肠外营养并举,以胃肠内营养为主,包括经口饮食、鼻饲或口服复力乳,胃肠外营养为辅,包括中心静脉或周围静脉。结果:每天胃肠内营养可获10450kJ热量和19g氮,占全天营养需要量的2/3以上。肠外营养作为肠内营养的补充,尤其在1周内经中心静脉可获热能7106kJ/d,接近全天需要量的一半,1~3周改为周围静脉。结论:恰当的营养途径是补充烧伤营养的重要手段,肠内与肠外营养的比例大约第一周为1∶2,第二周1∶1,第三周2∶1,第四周以后全部为肠内营养。

     

    Abstract: Objective:Routes of nutrition were analysed in 204 burned patients with burn extent ≥30% TBSA.Methods: General principle was to give nutrition by both enteral and parenteral routes. Enteral route was the first choice. It included both taking food by mouth and nasal tube feeding. Parenteral nutrition was regarded as a complement of enteral nutrition.Results:10450 KJ and 19g N could be given by enteral route each day. 7106KJ per day could be obtained by central vien within one week, At first, A deep vein was used ,and it was changed to a peripheral vein in 1~3 week postburn.Conclusion:The proper nutritional way was a important means to supply nutrition. The ratio of enteral and parenteral nutrition was about 1∶2 in the first week, 1∶1 in the second week, 2∶1 in the third week, and only enteral route was used after the fourth week.

     

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