Abstract: Smooth muscle tumors of esophagus are uncommon,but leiomyoma is the most common of esophageal benign tumors.27 cases of leiomyoma（25 males,2 females,with age ranging 16～62 years）and one case of leiomyosarcoma（male,21 years）,were presented.All cases were verified by histological examination.Barium meal and double-contrast esophagography were performed,respectively in 15 and 13 cases.Evaluation of the various methods used and particularly the radiological diagnosis were discussed.Typical barium meal finding and,especally,double-contrast characteristics were demonstrated in most cases.Both proceduces help to identify the location,size, number,shape of the tumors as well as to differentiate between intramural and extramural,benigh and maliglant lesions of esophagus.