Abstract: Objective To explore the perioperative nursing of patients with kyphosis due to sever ankylosing spondylitis after orthopedic surgery. Methods Twenty-four patients with kyphosis due to sever ankylosing spondylitis were treated with posterior egg-shell resection.Psychological nursing,nutrition support and respiratory training were carried out before operation.Vital signs were monitored and rehabilitation of spine function was observed after operation in order to prevent complications. Results The orthopedic surgery achieved 70%correction of kyphosis due to sever ankylosing spondylitis and significantly increased the vital capacity of the patients with no severe complications. Conclusion Effective perioperative care of with kyphosis due to sever ankylosing spondylitis can decrease the complications of orthopedic surgery and improve its therapeutic effect.