Abstract: Objective To investigate the curative effect of ultrasound-guided aspiration and sclero-therapy for pelvic fluid collection. Methods Ultrasound-guided aspiration and absolute alcohol sclerosis therapy were performed in 86 patients who suffered from pelvic fluid collection in our hospital from January 2008 to December 2012, and they were followed up for 3 to 12 months. Results Aspirations performed in 86 cases with pelvic fluid collection with the mission success rate of 100%. Of the 86 patients, 69 patients were followed up postoperatively in 3 months, among which, 44 patients were cured (63.8%), 17 (24.6%) were improved, and 8 were of no effect (11.6%), with the total effective rate of 88.4%. The range of lesions diameter was 3.9-5.0 cm, 5.0-10.0 cm and 10.0-14.0 cm with the effective rate of 100.0%, 93.7% and 58.3%, respectively. 58 patients were followed up postoperatively in 12 months, among which, 35 patients were cured (60.4%), 9 (15.5%) were improved, and 14 were of no effect (24.1%), with the total effective rate of 75.9%. The range of lesions diameter was 3.9-5.0 cm, 5.0-10.0 cm and 10.0-14.0 cm with the effective rate of 87.5%, 84.6% and 36.4% respectively. There existed linear correlation between diameter sizes of pelvic fluid collection and effective rate. Conclusion Ultrasound-guided aspiration and sclero-therapy is an effective, safe and easy treatment for pelvic fluid collection.