Abstract: Objective To investigate the independent risk factors of ischemic bowel disease, and provide theoretical basis for clinical prevention and treatment. Methods From January 2013 to December 2015, 41 cases with ischemic bowel disease admitted to our hospital were enrolled in this study. There were 19 males and 22 females with average age of (61.41±12.65) years (ranging from 38-87 years). And another 80 healthy people with normal endoscopy findings served as control group including 49 males and 31 females with average age of (56.3±9.54) years (ranging from 36-79 years). Factors associated with ischemic bowel disease were selected by univariate analysis and Logistic regression analysis, and the independent risk factors of ischemic bowel disease were identified. Results Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in age (older than 65 years), history of coronary heart disease (CHD), oral aspirin or clopidogrel drug history, history of hypertension, abdominal surgery history and blood transfusion history (P< 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that history of coronary heart disease (CHD), history of hypertension, abdominal surgery history were independent risk factors of ischemic bowel disease. Conclusion Ischemic bowel disease is closely related to coronary heart disease (CHD), hypertension, abdominal surgery history. Active treatment and control of these diseases is needed.