Abstract: Objective To explore the curative effect of primary suture of bile duct versus T tube drainage in laparoscopic cholecystectomy combined with common bile duct exploration. Methods A prospective study was carried out to enroll 76 patients with cholecystolithiasis and choledocholithiasis in our hospital from January 2014 to January 2016, and the patients were randomly divided into primary suture group and T tube drainage group. The differences in intraoperative data, postoperative recovery and complications were compared between the two groups. Results No signifcant differences were shown in gender, age, blood test and other indicators of the two groups(P> 0.05). The mean operating time, time to frst fatus, postoperative hospitalization time and hospitalization expenses of primary suture group were (126.3±27.4) min, (2.3±0.4) d, (6.5±1.4) d, (23.3±6.5) thousand respectively, which were signifcantly lower than (142.3±38.7) min, (2.7±0.6) d, (7.9±1.8) d, (27.8±8.1) thousand in the T tube drainage group (P< 0.05, respectively). The incidence of bile leakage and hyperamylasemia after surgery of primary suture group were 8.6% and 17.1% respectively, which were lower than 10.5% and 28.9% in the T tube drainage group, but the difference was not statistically signifcant. In addition, the long-term complication rates of primary suture group was 11.4%, which was lower than 26.3% in the T tube drainage group with no statistical signifcant difference(P=0.188). While the treatment satisfaction rate of primary suture group was 88.6%, which was signifcantly higher than 65.8% in the T tube drainage group (P=0.043). Conclusion Primary duct suture in laparoscopic cholecystectomy combined with common bile duct exploration can beneft patients by minimizing trauma, quick recovery, etc.